Kuliyada Shabakada Maadow
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Is Diiwaangalintaa : 18/11/2010
 | Subject: Casharka 12-aad: Noocyada Processor-ka 3  Thu Feb 10, 2011 3:30 am | |
| Noocyada Processor-ka (Way socotaa...)Sidaan ku soo aragnay [You must be registered and logged in to see this link.] waxaa processor-rada loo qaybiyaa dhawr jiil. Casharka
10-aad waxaan ku soo qaadanay jiilalka 1-aad ilaa 4-aad. [You must be registered and logged in to see this link.] na waxaan ku soo qaadanay jiilka 5-aad. Casharkaanna
waxaan ku soo qaadan doonnaa jiilka 6-aad.
- Sexth Generation (P6)
Bishii September ee sanadkii 1995-kii
ayay Intel soo bandhigtay processor-kii ugu horeeyay
processor-rada jiilka 6-aad. Jiilkaani wuxuu noqday
jiilkii ugu horreeyay ee gilgilay shirkadda Intel
islamarkaana wax weyn ka beddelay haysashadii ay Intel
haysatay suuqa processor-rada. Waxaa si xoog leh u
kordhay tartanka ay shirkadaha processor-rada sameeya oo
ay ka mid tahay AMD ku hayaan Intel.
Jiilkana wuxuu farsamadii jiilka 5-aad
ku sii kordhiyay arrimo dhawr ah oo sii kordhiyay
xawaaraha iyo hawl qabadka processor-ka. Farsamooyinka uu
jiilkaan soo kordhiyay waxaa ka mid ah farsamada loo
yaqaan Dynamic Excution oo surtogal ka dhigtay in dhawr [You must be registered and logged in to see this link.] si barbarro ah isku mar loo fuliyo taasoo
keentay in xawaaraha hawl qabad ee processor uu kor u
kaco. Waxa kale oo uu jiilkaani soo krodhiyay Data
Bus hor leh oo loogu tala galay
in uu processor-ku kula xiriiro Memory-da loo yaqaan[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.] (Level 2). Sidaan hore u soo aragnay xawaaraha Data
Bus-ka caadiga ahi wuxuu la mid
yahay kan Motherboar-ka. Laakiin Data Bus-ka labaad ee uu
jiilkani soo kordhiyay wuxuu xawaarihiisu la mid yahay
xawaaraha Processor-ka oo la kala baray. Taasina waxay
keenaysaa inuu processor-ku akhbaarta ku kaydsan L2
Cache-ka ku soo akhristo xawaare aad uga dheereeya kan
Motherbord-ka. Halkii wareeg wuxuu jiilkani ku fulin
karaa ilaa saddex [You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]. Intaas
waxaa u sii dheer xawaaraha Processor-ka oo si aad ah kor
loogu qaaday.
Processor-rada jiilka 6-aad waxay kala
yihiin:
- Pentium Pro
Noocani waa noocii ugu
horreeyay jiilkaan waxaan la soo bandhigay bishii
September ee sanadkii 1995, laakiin wuxuu suuqa
si fii can u soo galay bartamihii sandkii [You must be registered and logged in to see this image.]1996-kii. Pentuim Pro wuxuu qaataa
Motherboard leh [You must be registered and logged in to see this link.] sidaa
darteed Pentium Pro ma qaato Motherboard loogu
tala galay Pentium. Noocani wuxuu uga duwan yahay
noocyada kale ee jiilkaan isagoo leh L2 Cache ku
dhex dhisan qolofka processor-ka, baaxaddiisu ay
u dhaxayso 256 K ilaa 1M. Bartamaha sawirka
midige waxaad ka aragtaa laba afar gees oo isku
dhinac yaalla. Labdaas midkood waa Processor-ka
laftiisa kan kalena waa L2 Cache. Maadaama uu L2
Cache-kaasi ku dhex dhisan yahay qolofka
processor-ka wuxuu xawaarihiisu la mid yahay kan
processor-ka. Pentium Pro wuxuu leeyahay
xawaareyaasha kala ah 150, 166, 180 iyo 200 Mhz.
Wuxuu leeyahay Internal Register ay baaxaddiisu
tahay 32-bit, laba [You must be registered and logged in to see this link.] oo uu
kiiba balliciisu yahay 64-bit, [You must be registered and logged in to see this link.] uu balliciisu yahay 36-bit.
Pentium Pro way ku adkaatay
inuu ku faafo suuqa caadiga ee PC-ga ay dadka
caadiga ahi isticmaalaan taasna waxaa sababay
isagoo qaali ahaa taasna waxaa keenay L2 Cache-ka
lagu dhex dhisay. Laakiin wuxuu suuq ka helay oo
si aad ah loogu isticmaalaa kumbiyuutarrada loo
yaqaan File Servers-ka oo ah kuwa lagu kaydiyo
dokumentiga iyo program-yada ay isla isticmaalaan
dadka isku meel ka shaqeeya siiba dadka u
shaqeeyay hay'adaha dawliga ah iyo shirkadaha
waaweyn.
- Pentium II
Bishii May ee sanadkii 1997-kii
ayay Intel soo saartay processor-ka Pentium II oo
loogu dhawaaqo (Pentium 2). Pentium II wuxuu aad
wax uga beddelay muuqaalkii [You must be registered and logged in to see this image.]processor-rada lagu yaqaanay. Halka
processor-radii ka horreeyay ay lahaayeen qaab
afar gees ah oo si ballaar ah ugu xirma
Motherboard-ka wuxuu Pentium II ku dul samaysan
yahay kaar yar oo u eg kararka [You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]. Wuxuuna Motherbord-ka kaga xirmaa Slot
u qaab eg [You must be registered and logged in to see this link.] PCI
iyo ISA isagoo Motherbord-ka la samaynaya xagal
toosan oo 90 digrii ah (Fiiri sawirka Midige).
Kaarkaas waxaa kale oo ku dul rakiban L2 Cache
iyo [You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]-ka
labaad ee xiriiriya Processor-ka iyo L2 Cache-ka
oo sida caadiga ah 512 K. Taasi waxay keentay in
qiimaha samayska ee processor-ku uu ka jabnaado
kii Pentium Pro maadaama ay processor-ka iyo L2
Cache-ku kala madax bannaan yihiin oo aysan isku
qolof ku jirin sidii Pentium Pro. Waxa kale oo ay
taasi suurto gal ka dhigtay in Intel ay
isticmaasho L2 Cache ay sameeyeen shirkado kale
iyo in xawaaraha L2 Cache-ku uu la mid noqdo
xawaaraha processor-ka barkii. Taasoo keentay in
Pentium II uu isticmaalo L2 Cache uu qiimaheedu
jaban yahay maadaama uu xawaareheedu hooseeyo.
Pentium II wuxuu farsamadii
Pentium Pro ku daray farsamada loo yaqaan MMX oo
sidaan ku soo aragnay Cashar-ka
10-aad ah farsamo si
gaar ah loogu tala galay program-yada uu noocoodu
yahay Multimedia. Sidaa darteed Pentium II wuxuu
ka samaysan yahay Pentium Pro iyo Pentium MMX oo
la isu geeyay. Pentium II wuxuu leeyahay
xawaareyaasha kala ah 233, 266, 300, 333, 350,
400 iyo 450 Mhz. Xawaareyaasha 233, 266, 300 iyo
333 waxay isticmaalaan Motherboard uu
xawaarihiisu yahay 66 Mhz. 350, 400 iyo 450 na
waxay isticmaalaan Motherboard uu xawaarihiisu
yahay 100 Mhz.
- CeleronBishii April ee sanadkii 1998-kii ayaa
waxay Intel soo saartay processor-ka loo yaqaan
Celeron oo asal ahaan ah Pentium II oo wax laga
beddelay si qiimo jaban loogu gado. Celeron wuxuu
ku soo baxay isagoo inta kale kala mid ah Pentium
II laakiin laga reebay L2 Cache-kii iyo Data
Bus-kii labaad ee la socday Pentium II iyo
Pentium Pro, wuxuuna ku soo baxxay xawaareyaasha
kala ah 266 iyo 300 Mhz. Celeron waxaa loogu tala
galay in lagu isticmaalo kumbiyuutarrada qiimaha
jaban lagu gado. Laakiin arrintaas Intel way ku
guul darraysatay maadaama uu Celeron sida Pentium
II u baahnaa Motherboard cusub oo leh Slot 1.
Sidaa darteed waxay Intel go'aansatay inay L2
Cache-kii dib ugu soo celiso. Bishii august ee
1998-kii ayaa waxay Intel soo saartay Celeron
wata L2 Cache uu xaddigiisu yahay 128 K.
Magiiciisana waxay markaas u beddeshay Celeron
A. Celeron A wuxuu ku soo baxay
xawaareyaasha kala ah 300 iyo 333 Mhz.
Bishii december ee 1998 ayaa
waxay intel beddeshay samayskii Celeron A iyadoo
daba socota fikraddeedii ahayd in Celeron uu
noqdo processor qiimo jaban. Waxay soo saartay
Socket cusub oo loo bixiyay Socket 370
kaasoo qiimo ahaan ka jabnaa Slot 1.
Taasna waxay keentay in magaca processor-ku uu
mar kale isbeddelo oo uu noqdo Celeron A 370.
Noocani wuxuu isna ku soo baxay
xawaareyaasha kala ah 366 iyo 400 Mhz.
- Pentium III
Bishii March ee 1999 ayaa Intel
waxay soo saartay Processor ay u bixisay Pentium
III. Magaca Pentium III waa la filaayay laakiin
waxay dad badan u haysteen run ahaantiina Intel
lafteeda markii hore u qorshaysnayd in magacaas
loo kaydinayo Processor-ka ugu horreeya Jiilka
7-aad oo aan weli soo bixin. Laakiin Intel way
isbeddeshay waxayna dooratay in Processor-kaan oo
ka mid ah processor-rada jiilka 6-aad ay u bixiso
Pentium III.
Pentium III wuxuu farsamadii
Pentium II ku sii kordhiyay awood dheeraad ah oo
loogu tala galay inay kor u qaaddo hawl qabadka
program-yada isticmaala waxa loo yaqaan
3D-graphics iyo Multimedia. Waxa kale oo
processor-rada noocaan ah loo sameeyay nambar
taxane ah (serialnumber) oo
aqoonsi u ah processor kasta. Nambarkaas
processor-ka ayuu farsamo ahaan ku dhex samaysan
yahay waxayna kumbiyuutarradu isugu gudbin karaan
tusaale ahaan Internet. Nambarkaas waxaa loo
yaqaanaa PSN (Personal SerialNumber) waxaana
loogu tala galay in kumbiyuutarka lagu aqoonsado
marka tusaale ahaan Internet wax lagu kala
gadanayo. Maadaama kumbiyuutarka laga rabo inuu
is caddeeyo oo uu soo gudbiyo PSN-ka
processor-kiisa waxaa adkaanaysa in qof kale oo
isticmaalaya kumbiyuutar kale uu adeegsado
magacaaga oo uu wax ku iibsado. Waxa kale oo loo
adeegsan karaa ayay Intel leedahay cod bixinta
doorashooyinka baarlamaanka iyo wixii la mid ah
in lagu qabto Internet oo uu qofku isagoo
gurigiisa fadhiya codkiisa dhiibto. Islamarkaana
laga badbaado in uu qof magac uusan lahayn
adeegsado.
Waxayse taasi khasab ka
dhigaysaa in kumbyuutarka aad adeegsanayso aad
adigu leedahay isla markaana uu magac ahaan adiga
kugu qoran yahay. Taasi waxay keenaysaa inaadan
isticmaali karin kumbiyuutarrada yaalla shaqada,
Maktabadda iwm. Waxa kale oo jirta cabsi laga
muujiyay in taasi ay keento in xad gudub ah in
aysan qofka waxba u qarsoomin oo hadduuba
Internet galo uu kashifan yahay. Iyo weliba in
PSN-ka ay haddii ay helaan isticmaali karaan
dadka loo yaqaan Hackers-ka oo ay sidaas ku
maamulan karaan kumbiyuutarkaaga. Eedahaasi waxay
keeneen in Intel ay processor-ka soo saarto
isagoo PSN-ku xayiran yahay iyadoo islmarkaa
processor kasta soo raacisay program qofka gatay
hadduu doonayo u suurto galinaya inuu nambarkaas
fasaxdo. Pentium III wuxuu leeyahay xawaareyaal u
dhexeeya 450 Mhz ilaa 1.13 Ghz (1130 Mhz). Dadka
farsamo yaqaannada ahi waxay ka cawdaan nooca ugu
dheereeya ee uu xawaarihiisu yahay 1.13 Ghz oo ay
yiraahdaan wuu cillado badan yahay oo sidii loogu
tala galay uma shaqeeyo.
- AMD-K6 Bishii November ee sanadkii 1996-kii
ayaa shirkadda AMD waxay soo saartay processor
loo bixiyey AMD K6 oo noqday processor ay AMD aad
ugu guulaysatay run ahaantiina muddo gaaban
hogaaminayay processor-rada jiilka lixaad ilaa ay
Intel ka soo saartay Pentium II. AMD-K6 waxaa ku
dhex dhisan farsamada MMX oo ay AMD ka gadatay
Intel wuxuuna isticmaalaa L2 Cache uu
xawaarihiisu la mid yahay kan Motherboard-ka. AMD
waxay Intel kula tartartaa xagga qiimaha oo ay
mar kasta kaga hoosayso sidaa darteed K6 qiimo
ahaan wuu ka jaban yahay processor-rada jiilka
6-aad ee ay Intel samayso laakiin xagga tayada
waa looga fiican yahay. K6 wuxuu ku soo baxay
xawaareyaasha kala ah 166 iyo 200 Mhz. Bishii
April 1997-kii ayaa wuxuu K6 ku soo baxay
xawaaraha 233 Mhz. Bishii April 1998-kiina waxa
soo baxay xawaareyaasha kala ah: 266 iyo 300 Mhz.
- AMD K6-2 Bishii May ee sanadkii 1998-kii ayaa AMD
waxay soo saartay K6-2 oo ay ugu tala gashay inay
kula tartanto Pentium II oo K6 si fiican uga
adkaaday. Taasna way ku [You must be registered and logged in to see this image.]guulaysatay
oo K6-2 wuxuu noqday mid si fiican ula tartama
Pentium II. K6-2 wuxuu lahaa farsamo ay AMD u
bixisay 3D-NOW oo loogu tala galay program-yada
isticmaala farsamada loo yaqaan 3D graphics.
Wuxuuse lahaa L2 Cache ay baaxaddiisu ahayd 512
oo uu xawaarihiisu la mid ahaa kan
Motherboard-ka. Taas ayaana ugu dambayntii culaab
ku noqotay keentayna in tartankii uu Pentium II
ku guulaysto maadaama uu leeyahay L2 Cache uu
xawaarihiisu la mid yahay xawaaraha processor-ka
barkii. Laakiin maadaama uu xagga qiimaha kaga
jabnaa Pentium II wuxuu helay qeyb lixaad leh oo
suuqa ka mid ah. K6-2 wuxuu leeyahay
xawaarayaasha kala ah: 266, 300, 333 Mhz oo soo
baxay 28/05/98 iyo 350 iyo
400 Mhz oo soo kala baxay 27/08/98.
- AMD K6-3Billawgii sanadkii 1999-kii ayaa AMD
waxay soo saartay K6-3 oo ay ugu tala gashay inay
kaga adkaato Pentium II islamarkaana ay kula
tartanto Pentium III. K6-3 Wuxuu la mid yahay
K6-2 laakiin waxaa lagu soo kordhiyay L2 Cache ku
dhexdhisan qolofka processor-ka oo uu
xawaarihiisuna la mid yahay kan processor-ka.
Cilladda ugu weyn ee uu Pentium II uga adkaaday
K6-2 waxay ahayd L2 Cache-ka K6-2 oo uu
xawaarihiisu la mid ahaa kan Motherboard-ka.
Sidaa darteed ayay AMD u go'aansatay inay L2
Cache-ka ku dhexdhisto Processor-ka. Taasi waxa
weyn ayay ku kordhisay xawaaraha hawlqabadka ee
K6-3 laakiin weli Pentium III ayaa ka dheereeya
taasna waxa keenay Math processor-ka ku
dhexdhisan Pentium II iyo Pentium III oo ka
dheereeya kan ku dhexdhisan K6-2 iyo K6-3. K6-3
wuxuu leeyahay xawaareyaasha kala ah: 350, 400
iyo 450 Mhz.
- AMD AthlonKa dib markii uu K6-3 sidii la rabay ula
tartami waayay Pentium III ayaa AMD waxay soo
saartay Athlon si ay uga
adkaato Pentium III. AMD aad ayay ugu guulaysatay
ula jeeddadii ay ka lahayd Athlon waayo waxaa
dhacaday inuu xataa ka hor maray Pentium III oo
uu xawaare ahaan iyo tayo ahaanba kaga adkaaday
Pentium III. Maanta waxaa la sugayaa in Intel ay
soo saarto Processor iska dhicin kara Ethlon
maadaama uu Pentium III si fiican uga adkaaday.
Intel waxay mar hore sheegtay inay soo waddo
processor la yiraahdo Prntium 4 oo ugu horrayn
doona processor-rada jiilka lixaad ee Intel.
Laakiin nasiib darro waxaa dhacday in dhawr jeer
uu dib u dhac ku yimid soo saaridda Pentium 4.
Athlon wuxuu leeyahay xawaareyaasha kala ah: 850,
900, 950, 1000 iyo 1200 Mhz1.2GHz(1200MHz), 1100,
1000, 950, 900, and 850MHz.
</li>
aan uga hadlaynay Processor-rada halkaas ayaan ku joojinaynaa.
Casharka xiga waxaan hadduu rabbi idmo ku soo qaadan doonnaa
Memory-da loo yaqaan RAM (Random Access Memory) iyo noocyadeeda.
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